Induced demand

• Induced Travel Primer
• Ignoring Induced Demand Is Engineering Malpractice (Strong Towns)

Explainers#

• Induced Demand & Roadway Widening: Everything You Always Wanted to Know (and Weren’t Afraid to Ask) by CityNerd
• Braess Paradox | Deleting Roads May Improve Traffic Flow by Yet Another Urbanist

Vicious cycle of automobile dependency: a good illustration of the vicious cycle.

For non-car transports#

• Confirmed: Non-Driving Infrastructure Creates ‘Induced Demand,’ Too
• Fosgerau et al. (2023) estimate cyclists’ route preferences from GPS trajectories on Copenhagen’s network

See also#

• Traffic projection—how demand assumptions can make forecasts self-fulfilling
• Traffic evaporation